Manic-depression: Alternating moods of abnormal highs (mania) and lows {depression} called bipolar disease because of the swings between these opposing poles in mood. This type of depressive disease is not nearly as prevalent as other forms of depressive disorders. Sometimes the mood switches are dramatic and rapid, but most often they are gradual. Mania often affects thinking, judgment, and social behavior in ways that cause serious problems and embarrassment. For example, unwise business or financial decisions may be made when an individual is in a manic phase. Bipolar disorder is often a chronic recurring condition.